What Is Computer, Computer Generations-In Hindi  (कंप्यूटर क्या है कंप्यूटर के जनरेशन  हिंदी में)

        Computer kya hota (what is Computer) hai aur usaki Generation kya kya hai iske bare me hum is blog me janenege.Isake sath sath hum janenege ki Computer fayde kya kya hai. Is blog me aur janenge ke iska nirman kisane kiya , Aur aapko ye bhi pata chalega ki kya computer pehale se aise the (size aur dikhane ke mamale me). Computer se hum kya kar sakate hai .To chaliye shuru karate hai. 

What Is Computer (कंप्यूटर क्या है ) : 

        what is Computer ? Computer ek electronic device hai ye to aap sab log janante hi hai. Computer ka matalab bas itana hi nahi to chaliye assan bhasha me samajate hai computer kya hai aur kaise kam karata hai. Computer ek aisa electronic device hai jo ki aapke diye huye nirdasho(Input) ke anusar kam karata hai. Computer ye word latin ke ek word "Computare" se liya gaya hai. Iska arth ye hai ki ganana(Calculation) karana. Computer kaise kam karata hai ab ye samajate hai. Computer pehale user se data leta hai jise hum Input kehate hai. Asan bhasha me kaha jaye to aap jo bhi computer me click karate ho ya kuch karane ke liye commnad dete hai to ise input kaha jata hai.Input lene ke bad computer uspar processing karata hai.Usake bad aapko result yane output dikhata hai. To aise karata hai computer kam.

                  Input Data ---->  Processing ----> Output

Father of Computer(कंप्यूटर के निर्माता ) :

Modern computer ke janak Charles Babbage hai . Unhe "Father Of Computer" bhi kaha jata hai. Charles Babbage ne 19 ke  dashak ke prarambh me yane 1937 me pehala mechanical computer banaya tha. Is computer ko "Analytical Engine"  se bhi jana jata tha.

Computer Generation (कंप्यूटर जनरेशन) - :

        Computer ka developement ko Computer generation me bataya gaya hai. Isame computer ka develop kis prakar hua. Pehale isase kisase banaya gaya tha ye classify kiya gaya hai. To chaliye janate hai computer ke Generations.

1)  Computer's 1st Generation (कंप्यूटर की पहिली पीढ़ी  ) 1946-1956 :

        Computer ke pehale generation ki suruwat 1946 me hui thi jo ki 1956 tak chali. Is generation me computer ko banane ke liye "Vacuum Tube" ka istemal kiya jata tha. Isake data storage ke liye  "Magnetic Drum " ka istemal kiya karate the.  Data Storage yani aap asan bhasha me "Memory" keh sakate hai. Ye size me kafi bada tha aur ise thanda karane ke liye bahut sare Air Conditioner ka prayog kiya jata. Isame Assembly language ka use kiya jata tha.

2)  Computer's 2nd Generation ( कंप्यूटर की दूसरी पीढ़ी ) 1956-1964 :

        Computer ke dusri pidhi 1956 se lekar 1964 tak chali. Is dusri pidhi me Computer me Vacuum Tube ki jagah 'Transistor"  ka prayog kiye jane laga. Transistor ka avishkar William Shockley ne 1947 me kiya gaya tha. Pehale pidhi ke computer speed ke aur vishwaniyata ke mamle me jyada acche nahi the lekin dusari pidhi me isame sudhar aya. Dusare pidhi ke computer pehali pidhi ki size ki tulana ke chote ho gaye. Isame "COBOL" aur "FORTRAN" aise ucch stariy language ka use hone laga.

3)  Computer's 3rd Generation ( कंप्यूटर की तीसरी पीढ़ी  ) 1965-1971 :

        Computer ke tisari pidhi 1965 se lekar 1971 tak chali. Isame  'Transistor" ki  jagah par "IC" ka pryayog kiye jane laga. IC ka matalb Integrated Circuit (Ekikrut Circuit) hota hai. Jisame transister ko todakar chote chote sillicon chip ke andar dala jata tha Jise Semi Conductor kaha jata hai. Iske Istemal se computer ki size bahut hi kam hio gayi aur vajan me bhi kafi kam ho gaya. Ise asanise idhar udhar liya ja sakata tha. Ye Computer pehale computer ke tulana me jyada vishwasniy aur gatiman the. Isame ucch stariy bhasha ka jyada star par prayog kiye jane laga tha.

4)  Computer's 4th Generation ( कंप्यूटर की चौथी पीढ़ी  ) 1971-1985 :

       Computer ke chouthe pidhi 1971 se lekar 1985 tak chali. Isame pehali bar "Microprocessor" ka Istemal kiya gaya tha. Is pidhi me IC (Integrated Circuit ) ko adhik vikasit kiya gaya jise Large Integrated Circuit kaha jata hai . Ek IC lagbhag 300000 Transistor ke barabar kam kar sakata hai. Is avishkar se puri Central Processing Unit ek choti si chip ke andar adar aa gayi jiye "Microprocessor" kaha jata hai. Isake upyog vale computer ko Micro Computer kaha jata hai. Is generation me computer ki speed aur vishwaniyata kafi badh gayi.

5) Computer's 5th Generation ( कंप्यूटर की पांचवी पीढ़ी  ) 1985 - Present(वर्तमान) :

       Computer ke Pachve pidhi 1985 me shuru hui thi jo ki abtak chalu hai. Is pidhi ke Computer Artificial Intelligence (वैज्ञानिक कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्‍ता) ka upyog kiya ja raha hai. Is pidhi me pratidin computer ki aakar ko ghatane ka prayas jari hai isake falswarup hum ghadi ke aakar ke bhi computer dekh sakate hai. Isame bahut sare takniki badlav kiye ja rahe jasase aakar kam ho jaye speed badh jaye. Is pidhi ke computer me "Very Large Integrated Circuit" ko prasthapit karana shuru kiya hai. Artificial Intelligence ke falswarup computer me khudase decision lene ki kshamata aa gayi hai. Artificial Intelligence ka example aap Google Assistant le sakate hai jise Artificial Intelligence ka use karakehi banaya gaya hai.

Applications Of Computer:

1)  Education ( शिक्षा ) :

        Education ke kshetra me isaka bahut bada yogdan hai. Kisi bhi tarah ki janakari ya Education lene ke liye hum turant computer aur Internet ka istemal asanise kar sakate hai. Ye compuyer hi jo aapko kisi bhi bhasha ya kisi bhi vishay par pura gyan asanise mil sakata hai. Issake karan student ke online learning me kafi badhotari ho chuki hai.

2)  Health ( स्वास्थ्य ) :

        Computer health ke liye ek varadan hai. Isake karan health me bahut sare takaniki upkaroka istemal kiya jata hai. Jisase operation karana aur kisi bhi rog ka nidan nikalana asan ho jata hai. Isake sath hi medicine banane ke liye bhi iska bahut sara yogdan paya jata hai.

3)  Research ( अनुसंधान  )  :

        Research ke mamale me bhi iska bahut sara yogdan hai. Research ke liye sabse mahatvapurn hoti hai jankari jo ki computer aur Intenet ki istemal se aasanise matlab sirf ek click se mil jati hai. 

4)  Business ( व्यवसाय  ):

        Aajkal ke bahut sare business online ho chuke hai, Jisame business badhane me aue use logo tak pahuchane ka accha kam hota hai. Iska marketing , Retailing, Stock Market, Online Teaching, Online shopping ke business me bahut sara yogdan hai.    

 

To is blog me aapne sikha ki computer kya hai. Isaki generation kya kya hai, Isaki khoj kisane ki aur isake application kya kya hai. Agar aapko ye blog accha laga to please apne dosto ke sath share kijiye . Thanks!